What’s the Difference Between Ferrous and Non-Ferrous Metals?

The quickest way to tell ferrous metals from non-ferrous metals is by their iron content. Ferrous metals, like steel, are strong and magnetic because they have iron. This makes them great for buildings, but they can rust. Non-ferrous metals, like aluminum, have little to no iron. They resist rust and are often lighter but are not as strong as steel. So, ferrous for strength, non-ferrous for lighter weight, and weather resistance.

What is ferrous metal? 

Ferrous metals are those that contain iron as their main element. These metals are known for their strength, durability, and magnetic properties. They typically have high tensile strength and are prone to rust when exposed to moisture, due to the iron content. Ferrous metals are widely used in construction and manufacturing projects.

Examples of ferrous metals

Common examples of ferrous metals and their applications include:

• Carbon Steel is used in construction due to its high strength and hardness, which allow it to withstand heavy loads and wear.
• Cast Iron (pictured above) has great resilience to high temperatures and the ability to retain and evenly distribute heat, which is why it is frequently used in cooking pans and fire pits because it retains and evenly distributes heat.
• Wrought Iron can be easily welded and shaped into intricate designs for architectural applications.
• Alloy Steel with the addition of elements like chromium and nickel to improve its strength, hardness, and corrosion resistance is favored for use in automotive parts

What is non-ferrous metal? 

Non-ferrous metals are metals that do not contain iron. These metals are generally more resistant to rust and corrosion, and they are often lighter and more malleable than ferrous metals. Non-ferrous metals typically have higher conductivity of electricity and heat. They are valued for their non-magnetic properties and are versatile for use in electronics and airplane parts.

Examples of non-ferrous metals

Here are some examples of non-ferrous metals and their most common application:

• Copper is essential for electrical wiring and plumbing due to its excellent conductivity and corrosion resistance.
• Zinc is used to galvanize steel (pictured above) as it prevents rust and offers strength.
• Tin has a low melting point and excellent bonding properties so it’s often used in the soldering of electronics.
• Lead is most commonly used in batteries due to its high energy density and ability to withstand deep discharge cycles. 

Ferrous vs. non-ferrous metal: what’s the difference?

The key difference between ferrous and non-ferrous metals lies in their iron content. This composition has an impact on the characteristics and properties of the material. In the table below are the biggest differences between ferrous vs. non-ferrous metals.

High-quality steel to ensure the strength of your projects

If you’re looking for ferrous metals for your project, there’s no better option than carbon steel. This iron-based metal is known to be one of the strongest and most versatile materials on the planet, ideal for a wide range of applications and industries.  

Service Steel has built a reputation on premium quality and exceptional service. We ensure that every steel product meets rigorous ASTM steel standards and exceeds expectations. Explore our extensive inventory of structural steel, all ready-to-ship for your projects. Request a free quote or give us a call today!